Calculated Mean Content Values

Units Average Min Max Standard Deviation
mg/100 ml 9.97 0.00 38.20 5.48
mol/100 ml 2.02e-05 0.00 7.74e-05 1.11e-05

Values calculated by aggregating data from 106 different samples from 8 unique publications.

Aglycone Mean Content Values

Aglycone Units Average Min Max Standard Deviation
Malvidin mg/100 ml 6.69 0.00 25.65 3.68
mol/100 ml 1.36e-05 0.00 5.20e-05 7.46e-06

Original Content Values Used to Produce Means

De Villiers A., Vanhoenacker G., Majek P., Sandra P. (2004) Determination of anthocyanins in wine by direct injection liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry and classification of wines using discriminant analysis. Journal of Chromatography A 1054:195-204 PubMed (15553144)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
3.50 mg/100 ml Red wine - South Africa - Cabernet Sauvignon yes 13
12.56 mg/100 ml Red wine - South Africa - Merlot yes 10
10.00 mg/100 ml Red wine - South Africa - Pinotage yes 11
15.42 mg/100 ml Red wine - South Africa - Ruby Cab yes 10
5.88 mg/100 ml Red wine - South Africa - Shiraz yes 11
Frankel E.N., Waterhouse A.L., Teissedre P.L. (1995) Principal phenolic phytochemicals in selected California wines and their antioxidant activity in inhibiting oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 43:890-894
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.97 mg/100 ml California red wine 1 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1989 yes 1
1.99 mg/100 ml California red wine 2 - Merlot - 1990 yes 1
0.09 mg/100 ml California red wine 3 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1987 yes 1
1.06 mg/100 ml California red wine 4 - Zinfandel - 1990 yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml California red wine 5 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1987 yes 1
0.50 mg/100 ml California red wine 6 - Petite Sirah - 1987 yes 1
3.74 mg/100 ml California red wine 7 - Petite Sirah - 1989 yes 1
0.61 mg/100 ml California red wine 8 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1987 yes 1
3.36 mg/100 ml California red wine 9 - Pinot Noir - 1992 yes 1
0.12 mg/100 ml California red wine 10 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1987 yes 1
6.85 mg/100 ml California red wine 11 - Petite Sirah - 1990 yes 1
3.29 mg/100 ml California red wine 12 - Merlot - 1991 yes 1
9.02 mg/100 ml California red wine 13 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1991 yes 1
1.26 mg/100 ml California red wine 14 - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1989 yes 1
Teissedre P.L., Landrault N. (2000) Wine phenolics: contribution to dietary intake and bioavailability. Food Research International 33:461-467
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
9.10 mg/100 ml French red wine - Languedoc - Merlot 1998 yes 10
9.70 mg/100 ml French red wine - Languedoc - Cabernet-Sauvignon 1998 yes 10
13.20 mg/100 ml French red wine - Languedoc - Grenache 1998 yes 10
12.00 mg/100 ml French red wine - Languedoc - Syrah 1998 yes 10
38.20 mg/100 ml French red wine - Languedoc - Egiodola 1998 yes 10
Rossouw M., Marais J. (2004) The phenolic composition of South African Pinotage, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon wines. South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture 25:94-104
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
10.74 mg/100 ml Red wine - South African - Shiraz yes 76
10.19 mg/100 ml Red wine - South African - Pinotage yes 100
9.75 mg/100 ml Red wine - South African - Cabernet Sauvignon yes 84
Dugo P., Favoino O., Presti M.l., Luppino R., Dugo G., Mondello L. (2004) Determination of anthocyanins and related components in red wines by micro- and capillary HPLC. Journal of Separation Science 27:1458-1466 PubMed (15638153)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
17.80 mg/100 ml Red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon yes 1
Gonzalez-Neves G., Gomez-Cordoves C., Barreiro L. (2001) [Anthocyanic composition of Tannat, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot young red wines from Uruguay.]. Journal of Wine Research 12:125-133
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
15.76 mg/100 ml Red wine - Tannat - Uruguay yes 18
13.58 mg/100 ml Red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon - Uruguay yes 12
10.34 mg/100 ml Red wine - Merlot - Uruguay yes 11
Schwarz M., Quast P., Baer D.v., Winterhalter P. (2003) Vitisin A content in Chilean wines from Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon and contribution to the color of aged red wines. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51:6261-6267 PubMed (14518953)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
3.42 mg/100 ml Red wine 4 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
1.68 mg/100 ml Red wine 5 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
7.50 mg/100 ml Red wine 6 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
5.16 mg/100 ml Red wine 7 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
5.62 mg/100 ml Red wine 8 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
6.19 mg/100 ml Red wine 9 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
6.71 mg/100 ml Red wine 10 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2000 yes 1
5.73 mg/100 ml Red wine 11 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2001 yes 1
11.28 mg/100 ml Red wine 12 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2001 yes 1
11.36 mg/100 ml Red wine 13 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2001 yes 1
6.72 mg/100 ml Red wine 14 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2001 yes 1
8.69 mg/100 ml Red wine 15 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2001 yes 1
11.72 mg/100 ml Red wine 16 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2001 yes 1
9.38 mg/100 ml Red wine 17 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
10.08 mg/100 ml Red wine 18 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
14.97 mg/100 ml Red wine 19 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
17.73 mg/100 ml Red wine 20 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
13.58 mg/100 ml Red wine 21 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
13.98 mg/100 ml Red wine 22 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
9.93 mg/100 ml Red wine 23 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
9.94 mg/100 ml Red wine 24 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
9.29 mg/100 ml Red wine 25 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 2002 yes 1
1.72 mg/100 ml Red wine 1 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1999 yes 1
2.33 mg/100 ml Red wine 2 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1999 yes 1
3.46 mg/100 ml Red wine 3 - Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1999 yes 1
Schwarz M., Hofmann G., Winterhalter P. (2004) Investigations on anthocyanins in wines from Vitis vinifera cv. Pinotage: factors influencing the formation of pinotin A and its correlation with wine age. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52:498-504 PubMed (14759139)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.69 mg/100 ml Red wine 1 - Chile - Pinotage - 1996 yes 1
0.60 mg/100 ml Red wine 2 - Chile - Pinotage - 1996 yes 1
0.56 mg/100 ml Red wine 3 - Chile - Pinotage - 1997 yes 1
0.28 mg/100 ml Red wine 4 - Chile - Pinotage - 1997 yes 1
1.00 mg/100 ml Red wine 5 - Chile - Pinotage - 1998 yes 1
1.83 mg/100 ml Red wine 6 - Chile - Pinotage - 1998 yes 1
1.47 mg/100 ml Red wine 7 - Chile - Pinotage - 1998 yes 1
0.95 mg/100 ml Red wine 8 - Chile - Pinotage - 1998 yes 1
1.33 mg/100 ml Red wine 9 - Chile - Pinotage - 1998 yes 1
0.88 mg/100 ml Red wine 10 - Chile - Pinotage - 1998 yes 1
1.94 mg/100 ml Red wine 11 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
1.99 mg/100 ml Red wine 12 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
2.67 mg/100 ml Red wine 13 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
1.59 mg/100 ml Red wine 14 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
3.19 mg/100 ml Red wine 15 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
1.51 mg/100 ml Red wine 16 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
1.51 mg/100 ml Red wine 17 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
2.32 mg/100 ml Red wine 18 - Chile - Pinotage - 1999 yes 1
3.89 mg/100 ml Red wine 19 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.50 mg/100 ml Red wine 20 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.10 mg/100 ml Red wine 21 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
0.96 mg/100 ml Red wine 22 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
1.80 mg/100 ml Red wine 23 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.37 mg/100 ml Red wine 24 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
0.78 mg/100 ml Red wine 25 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.60 mg/100 ml Red wine 26 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
3.65 mg/100 ml Red wine 27 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
3.51 mg/100 ml Red wine 28 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
4.08 mg/100 ml Red wine 29 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.55 mg/100 ml Red wine 30 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.50 mg/100 ml Red wine 31 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
3.83 mg/100 ml Red wine 32 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.27 mg/100 ml Red wine 33 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
4.08 mg/100 ml Red wine 34 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.27 mg/100 ml Red wine 35 - Chile - Pinotage - 2000 yes 1
2.87 mg/100 ml Red wine 36 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
5.78 mg/100 ml Red wine 37 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
3.96 mg/100 ml Red wine 38 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
5.98 mg/100 ml Red wine 39 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
3.20 mg/100 ml Red wine 40 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
3.13 mg/100 ml Red wine 41 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
4.40 mg/100 ml Red wine 42 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
5.23 mg/100 ml Red wine 43 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
3.94 mg/100 ml Red wine 44 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
4.18 mg/100 ml Red wine 45 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
6.75 mg/100 ml Red wine 46 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
8.83 mg/100 ml Red wine 47 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
4.51 mg/100 ml Red wine 48 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
4.90 mg/100 ml Red wine 49 - Chile - Pinotage - 2001 yes 1
8.48 mg/100 ml Red wine 50 - Chile - Pinotage - 2002 yes 1